What is an atherogenic?

Which fatty acid is atherogenic?

The C14:0 and C16:0 fatty acids are known to be among the most atherogenic, whereas C18:0 is believed to be neutral with respect to atherogenicity but is instead considered to be thrombogenic [14–16].

Which lipid is the most atherogenic?

Total LDL‐p and apoB were strongly correlated at baseline (Table 2), and LDL‐p was the most abundant atherogenic lipoprotein (Figure 2; Table 3).

Which type of lipoprotein is anti atherogenic?

Yet, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which transports circulating cholesterol to the liver for clearance, clearly also exerts antiatherogenic effects.

What dietary factors are considered cardioprotective?

We advocate that the cardioprotective diet constructed around the traditional Mediterranean eating pattern (based around vegetables and fruits, nuts, legumes, and unrefined cereals, with modest amounts of fish and shellfish, and fermented dairy products) is still important.

Is High HDL cholesterol anti atherogenic?

In addition to its role in regulating reverse cholesterol transport, many studies have shown that HDL may also have antiatherogenic properties. Indeed, HDL decreases endothelium inflammation and oxidative stress and increases nitric oxide production and endothelial cell (EC) survival, thus preventing atherogenesis.

What contributes to atherogenesis?

Hypercholesterolemia, homocysteine, oxidative stress, and hyperglycemia have been recognized as the major risk factors for atherogenesis.

Does anything dissolve plaque in arteries?

The key is lowering LDL and making lifestyle changes.

“Making plaque disappear is not possible, but we can shrink and stabilize it,” says cardiologist Dr. Christopher Cannon, a Harvard Medical School professor. Plaque forms when cholesterol (above, in yellow) lodges in the wall of the artery.

What foods cause plaque in arteries?

The study, published Aug. 13 in Science, suggests that consuming food rich in saturated fat and choline – a nutrient found in red meat, eggs and dairy products – increases the number of metabolites that build plaques in the arteries.

What triggers endothelial inflammation?

Endothelial dysfunction can be caused by several conditions, including diabetes or metabolic syndrome, hypertension, smoking, and physical inactivity [20]. The healthy endothelium not only arbitrates endothelium-dependent vasodilation, but also actively suppresses thrombosis, vascular inflammation, and hypertrophy.

What foods repair endothelial cells?

There is some evidence suggesting that Mediterranean diet characterized by high consumption of vegetables, fish, olive oil and moderate wine consumption may have a positive effect on endothelial function.

Does coffee damage endothelial cells?

Both coffee ingestion and caffeine ingestion augment or improve endothelial function and diminish or impair endothelial function via the balances between vasodilation and vasoconstriction, anti-thrombosis and pro-thrombosis, anti-inflammation and pro-inflammation, and anti-oxidation and pro-oxidation.

Do eggs affect endothelial function?

Conclusion: Short-term egg consumption does not adversely affect endothelial function in healthy adults, supporting the view that dietary cholesterol may be less detrimental to cardiovascular health than previously thought.

Do nuts damage endothelial cells?

Nuts have positive effects on vascular endothelial function, with regular nut consumption associated with improved vasodilation (or reactivity) measured by flow mediated dilation (FMD) without affecting endothelium-independent vasodilatation [5,6].

Does sugar damage endothelial cells?

Endothelial function deteriorates after glucose ingestion. This may be attributed to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.

What supplements are good for endothelial cells?

“Supplementation with vitamins C and E improves arterial stiffness and endothelial function in essential hypertensive patients.” American journal of hypertension vol.

How do you reverse endothelial damage?